Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of the Memory Policy in the Global Context: History and Modernity
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Abstract
The article is an analytical review of the evolution of historical and collective memory issues and of the development of memory studies. The analysis of the scientific achievements in the field of
memory studies has revealed the ineffably selective nature of collective memory, in which its work for restoration of the Past is carried out according to the laws and needs of the Modernity. Thus, the
politicization of the Past is an integral part of its functioning in the Present. In the countries of young democracy the increase of the degree of politicization of the Past is also determined by the logic of the nation-building processes. It was revealed that sacred and mythological nature of the “heroic narrative” is serving as the identification basis for the community and the “reference point” is associated with it. That is why very often the moment when “everything began” causes the deployment of “wars of memory” around them. In the context of globalization the “war of memory” goes beyond
national borders and turns into a factor of interstate relations. It is found that in the modern world in the field of memory politics a global consensus has already been formed, and it is based on the
principles of the universality of human rights, freedom and democracy. This causes a change in the earlier memory narratives, which were based on images of victories and triumphs, by the narratives of
historical trauma and sacrifice.
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